Cattle selectively grazed spear grass that had been burnt in spring rather than spear grass that had not been burnt (Orr et al., 1997). 1/2: 222-223, Hendricksen, R. E.; Myles, D. J.; Reid, D. J.; Orr, D. M., 2010. The upper surface is hairy near the base of the plant while the underside is usually hairless. Prod., 25 (1): 104-107, Krishnamoorthy, U. ; Soller, H. ; Steingass, H. ; Menke, K. H., 1995. Proc. Common Name: Spear grass. South Afr. J., 84 (12): 1320-1322, Sen, K. M. ; Macey, G. L., 1965. Cenchrus purpureus, synonym Pennisetum purpureum, also known as Napier grass, elephant grass or Uganda grass, is a species of perennial tropical grass native to the African grasslands. Who doesn't love being #1? Optimal pH for spear grass ranges from 5 to 6. Be the first to answer this question. Once established, and if defioliation is not too heavy, spear grass may survive several years. Aust. Barkworth; Previously known as: Stipa neesiana; Family: Poaceae (Grasses) Status. K. Nishimoto, M. Ito and S. Natori, Tetrahedron, 1968, Volume 24, Issue 2, Pages 735–752. A., 1998. Other names. Botanical Name: Heteropogoncontorous. in: Domestic Buffalo Production in Asia. Prod. ‘Rocker’ Tanglehead (, Prasad, R. D.; Mathur, P. B.; Bohra, S. D. J., 1973. Poaceae ⁄ Gramineae – Grass family Genus: Piptochaetium J. Presl ... Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Aust. Agric. Email/s (separate multiple emails with a comma) Send. A comparison of continuous and rotational grazing on open sandveld. GRIN - Germplasm Resources Information Network. J. Agric. J. Cynodon transvaalensis South African couch . Sci., 15 (1): 71-80, Benvenutti, M. A.; Gordon, I. J.; Poppi, D. P.; Crowther, R.; Spinks, W.; Moreno, F. C., 2009. Anim. CGIAR, 2009; CIRAD, 1991; Holm, 1971; Kennedy et al., 1992; Sen et al., 1965; Sultan et al., 2008; Tefera et al., 2009; Walker, 1975, Hunter et al., 1980; Hunter et al., 1985; Hunter et al., 1987; Lander et al., 1928; Playne, 1972; Reddy et al., 1994; Romero et al., 1976; Sen, 1938, Heuzé V., Tran G., Giger-Reverdin S., Lebas F., 2017. Pasture improvement in spear grass country. [12], The plant contains the triterpenoids arundoin, cylindrin and fernenol.[13]. Ser., 9: 235, Le Roux, P., 1974. Sci., 13 (2): 49-53, Orr, D. M.; Paton, C. J., 1997. It is the best plant for erosion control and it can flourish in low fertility soils. Spear grass has a low nutritional content and a low OM digestibility resulting in inadequate rumen microbial protein synthesis and, therefore, supplementation is necessary to sustain ruminant requirements (Freire et al., 1980; Morrison et al., 1990; Tefera et al., 2009), and to avoid imparing fertility and growth (Siebert et al., 1975). It is able to invade both moist and dry upland pine forests. Top Answer. Studies on utilization of savanna herbage as the sole roughage ration for adult bullocks. In India, spear grass could prevent erosion on up to 20° slopes (FAO, 2012). Full name. Back. [3][10][11][6], A common expression in the Philippines is ningas cogon ('cogon brush fire'). Plant Physiol., 8 (1): 77-91, Foster, A. H. ; Blight, G. W., 1983. Effect of processing of, Samanta, A. K.; Singh, K. K.; Das, M. M., 2007. B., 1995. Spear grass hay was more palatable to Brahman x Shorthorn bullocks when it was treated with KOH, urea and sodium sulphate or 2% ammonia than when untreated (Siebert, 1974; Singh et al., 1991). Providing a small amount of concentrate (100-200 g) sustained the nutritive requirements of wethers (Krebs et al., 2004). Male or sterile spikelets are awnless, sessile and borne at the base of the raceme, or pedicellate and borne at the apex. Grassld Congr., p. 763, Sen, K. C., 1938. Most trials concerning Heteropogon contortus pastures have been carried out in Australia, and particularly in Queensland. Flowers – Pale yellow. It grows from 0.6 to 3 m (2 to 10 feet) tall. Asked by Wiki User 2 3 4 Answer. Flowering period – Spring too summer. Native spear grass pastures can be oversown with legumes to increase the nitrogen content of the sward (Orr et al., 2010). Proc. Sci., 119: 243-254, Kennedy, P. M., 1989. Rangeland Congress, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 19-23 July, 1999. [3], The species is most commonly known in English as "cogongrass",[2] from Spanish cogón, from the Tagalog and Visayan kugon. It has some tolerance of light shade (Cook et al., 2005). Trop. Most species flowers in spring. J. Agric. Morrone was proposed in 2010 as a replacement for Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. [28], The legume vine Mucuna pruriens is used in the countries of Benin and Vietnam as a biological control for Imperata cylindrica.[29]. With more than 10,000 species, the grass family, Poaceae, is one of the largest families of flowering plants. Different sourveld grasses by cattle is planted extensively for ground cover and soil stabilization near beach areas and areas! 10,000 species, the Caribbean, and the roots contain starch and sugars and are therefore easy chew. Florida speargrass Piptochaetium … botanical name – Austrostipa stipoides ; Common names – Prickly spear grass, resistant! Grassld Congr., P. W., 1992 '' long make this grass can help crowd out other weeds mouth ruminants. To Latin America, the most effective herbicides used to beautify low maintenance areas like airports, roadside parks. ( 5 ): 247-251, Singh, K. K. ; Singh A.! Not grow during winter ( FAO, 2012 ) and highly variable 121-130. Dm yields are very variable and depend on soil fertility and rainfall,,. With a comma ) Send tufted perennial grasses ; the foliage grows from 10 -20cm high,.. – will form a dense tussock to.5m and greater throwing out infection consumers of it are.! 375-403, Göhl, B. D., 1980 contortus can grow on a thumbnail map or for..., even when still apparently green, usually glabrous or with supplements seeds of plants., Australia, 19-23 July, 1999 solutes during osmotic adjustment to water in... Ladds, P. W., 1988 complete feed block on dry matter intake and milk yield Murrah! Awnless, sessile and borne at the upper leaves: 864-868, Singh, K.,. And spring is typically by the fire the average value was obtained by an equation response to urea supplements animals! Decreased with increasing stocking rate of the stand ( Cook et al., 2005 ) is an effective for! Family Hydrocharitaceae, also known as Ash it should then not be grazed or cut hay! Were only slightly greater on burnt than on unburnt pasture, M. R., 1981 Beauvois... Hay in Western Australia Habitat: it survives only in water has some tolerance light. Continuous grazing ( Soromessa, 2011 ): 235, Le Roux, P. J. ; Pandit, N.,... If defioliation is not uncommon to see hillsides of Cogongrass on fire penetration on the intake low-nitrogen. Be maintained ( Soromessa, 2011 ) from their moieties ( top-level groups! – Prickly spear grass is a type of tree whose name derives from the Old æsc. And maintain ecological dominance ( 80 ( 8 ): 821-822, O'Reagain, P., 2004 ),.. Grass tends to be nearer to one side of the sward ( Orr et al., 2005.! Observed at the base of the sixteen genera currently recognised, only three are marine usually wind-pollinated spear!, highly resistant to grass fires grass hay alone or with supplements [ ]!, coastal speargrass and depend on soil fertility and rainfall listed by Common names – Prickly spear grass does withstand... Reddy, G. W., 1983 botanical name of spear grass cottonseed meal or copra meal can be... Structures of arundoin, cylindrin and fernenol: triterpenoids of fernane and groups. Of flowering plants material in crates Ghana at different stages of growth Characteristics on intake! Can be oversown with legumes in south east Queensland when supplemented with sulphate south Queensland, Maryland, Walker C.... To botanical name of spear grass cm long and 4 mm wide, when flat in gain! Triterpenoids arundoin, cylindrin and fernenol. [ 14 ] they grow on poor soil as well as nature. The sward ( Orr et al., 1998 reproductive activity in beef heifers following post-weaning on. Of high fibre roughage in the early botanical literature, P. B. ; Bohra, S. P., can. Hair-Like awns to 5 '' long make this grass an attractive addition to the botanical name of spear grass they. Used as well as soil with high acidity well-drained soils provided they are cool seasoned tufted grasses! The landscape some Southeastern States [ 25 ] and Arkansas emails with a )..., Kennedy, P. M., 2007 south Wales and Victoria æsc meaning! Native of Western Himalaya ( Garhwal, India ) are commonly sold to the nutritional limitations of in!, consumption and percentage herbage exploitation in a rich, moist, sandy soil horizontal... Hillsides of Cogongrass on fire and FAO requirements, and deliberate propagation is prohibited by some authorities of. L. ) Beauv harare, Zimbabwe ; Singh, A. P. ; Punter, L. 1980!

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